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Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Governing nuclear weapons
Key Insights
Entering into force in 1970, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons aimed to limit the possession of nuclear weapons while promoting the peaceful use of atomic energy. The treaty only permits the US, USSR (Russia), the UK, France, and China to possess nuclear weapons. In exchange for this exclusivity, the countries with nuclear weapons are to share nuclear technology for peaceful purposes and work towards nuclear disarmament.
Written by Pablo Mathis
27 February 2023 · 00:00 CETUpdated 21 June 2026 · 18:25 CET
Cite this brief
Mathis, P. (2023). Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. EPIS Insight · Security Policy & Defence.
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Crisis Management
Joseph Stalin
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Arms Control & Disarmament
Hybrid Warfare
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Arms Control & Disarmament
Counterforce and Countervalue
Counterforce describes the ability to conduct nuclear strikes against militarily relevant targets such as army bases. Counterforce strikes depend on smaller, tactical nuclear weapons. Countervalue describes nuclear attacks against non-military targets such as cities. In doing so, larger strategic…
Arms Control & Disarmament
Nuclear Sharing
Turkey, The Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, and Germany participate in NATO’s nuclear sharing. The participating countries have US nuclear weapons stationed on their territory. In case of war, planes from the respective allied air forces will deliver the US bombs to their targets. Critics claim NATO…