International Law & Treaties
Rules that hold the world together
The Working Group International Law & Treaties examines the legal frameworks governing interactions between states and international organisations. It analyses the development and enforcement of multilateral treaties, covering human rights, maritime boundaries, and environmental protocols. Monthly briefings provide academic research on strengthening international legal order and treaty compliance.
Article 42(7) TEU and the EU’s Defence Future
Thematic Working Group Briefs – 2026 Article 42(7) TEU and the EU’s Defence Future More than fifteen years after the Lisbon reforms entered into force, Article…
Investment Arbitration’s New Architecture
Investment Arbitration’s New Architecture How UNCITRAL and ICSID reforms are reshaping investor–State dispute settlement The reform of investor–State dispute…
From Sovereignty to Sustainability
From Sovereignty to Sustainability: Natural Resources and Investment Protection in International Economic Law Natural resources represent a cornerstone of…
Strategic non-nuclear weapons and the NPT
Strategic non-nuclear weapons and the NPT: Revisiting the binary distinction of Article IX(3) The emergence of strategic non-nuclear weapons (SNNW) has blurred…
Legal Coalitions in a Multipolar World
Legal Coalitions in a Multipolar World How the EU can defend, repair and extend rules in a contested global order by Maximilian Schlenker By early 2026, the…
Outer Space Treaty: An Old But Visionary Document
EPIS Basics: Outer Space Treaty: An Old But Visionary DocumentWords: 480 Introduction: The 1967 Outer Space Treaty (OST), drafted during the Cold War, remains…
The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: The Foundation of International Agreements Introduction When countries sign international agreements, how can…
“The Arbitral Shield in the Moon Rush”
The Arbitral Shield in the Moon Rush: Resolving “Safety Zone” and Expropriation Disputes under the Artemis Accords Ioana Marin – RG Arctic & Space EPIS Think…
Solving Mixity by Sidelining Consent
Question: Has the EU solved ‘mixity’ at the cost of democracy? Argument: The ‘split-and-apply’ doctrine, refined after Wallonia’s 2016 near-veto of CETA and…
Reform without inclusion?
– Main question: can BiH strengthen rule of law and fundamental rights while preserving a constitutionally exclusionary system? – Main argument: the…
Strategic Association Treaty (SAT)
Main question: How can the EU enhance its strategic autonomy and competitiveness without causing internal deadlock through full membership expansion? Argument:…
Sanctions on Cuba: Is it collective Punishment?
Are the sanctions a form of collective punishment? Can IHL paradigms be transferred to IHRL during ‘peacetime’? This essay argues how sanctions and their…
EU Accession Process and the Barrier of Corruption
Ukraine’s accession highlights the question of whether alignment with EU law actually leads to real improvement in enforcement in practice. Even though Ukraine…
War in the Dark
1. Do Russian strikes on Ukrainian energy infrastructure violate international humanitarian law? 2. The attacks systematically targeted civilian infrastructure…
Sovereignty vs. Security
Can the EU establish a sovereign defense force despite rigid legal hurdles and the reluctance of member states to cede national control? Since formal treaty…
Ukraine and the Limits of International Justice
Main question: Can international law truly hold Russia accountable for aggression in Ukraine? Argument: Ukraine has pushed accountability forward through the…
Compliance Is Political
How do advisory opinions matter politically if they are formally non-binding, and who is their real audience in contemporary disputes? The article argues that…
